Comparison of Batteries

Lead Acid Cell vs. get-up-and-go Cell Lead mordant cells were invented in 1859 by the French Physicist Gaston Plante, and argon the oldest types of rechargeable batteries. These types of batteries typically weigh at 5kg, but can grip from half a kilogram to over 30 kilograms on the consumer market. though their chemical science means a very(prenominal) low efficacy-to-weight and energy-to-volume ratio in comparison to other modern batteries, their ability to supply noble surge currents means that the cells maintain a rotund power-to-weight ratio.This makes them highly desirable for use in volumed appliances such as labour vehicles, which require the high current provided by this type of battery. In comparison, Button cells are much smaller than transcend acid cells. Button cells are shaped as small, tubby cylinders usually 5 to 22mm in diameter and between 1 to 6mm in height and weigh curt over several grams. The voltage and current germinated by these batteries are sm all and steady, and these properties make them very desirable for powering small portable electronic devices such as wrist watches, pocket calculators, hearing aids, and sometimes pacemakers.These batteries are usually non rechargeable, and last a grand time, though lifespan depends on chemical report card and use. Chemistry Lead acid calls use a chemical reaction in order to produce a voltage between the output terminals. The battery contains two familys, and the discharge process is driven by the conduction of electrons from the negative plate back into the cell at the positive plate. All lead acid sells use Lead Sulfate in their reactions. These chemicals were originally contained as a liquid, but a technique has now been essential in which a gel electrolyte is used, preventing leakage.Negative plate reaction Pb(s) + HSO? 4(aq) PbSO4(s) + H+(aq) + 2e- Positive plate reaction PbO2(s) + HSO? 4(aq) + 3H+(aq) + 2e- PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l) Overall reaction Pb(s) + PbO2(s) + 2H2SO4 (aq) 2PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l) Button cells are single cells, and are Primary cells, existence not rechargeable. Button cells fill both an Anode and Cathode separated by a separator contained within a metal can. Common anode materials are zinc or lithium, and in that location are a range of cathode materials, including atomic number 25 dioxide, silver oxide, and cupric oxide.Of notable mention is the mercuric oxide button cell, which was banned due to the toxicity and environmental hazard of mercury. Reaction between silver oxide (cathode) and zinc (anode) Zn + Ag2O ZnO + 2Ag These batteries are dry batteries, and are created with the sublime of a long lifetime. As such, they rarely leak if ever, and boast a steady electricity take over a long period of time. Both Lead acid cells and button cells rely on chemical reactions for the production of their energy.However, where a lead-acid cell would typically use an anode and cathode within a liquid or gel medium, button cells use solid anode and cathodes which react with each other through a separator. This reflects their uses where the chemistry of a lead acid battery allows it to produce large amounts of electricity in surges as compulsory to start appliances such as motor vehicles, the chemistry of Button cells allows for a slow and steady make out of small amounts of charge. Cost and Practicality As was reflected upon under the chemistry subtitle, the batteries have been designed, and retain their designs, to specifically fit their uses.Though the surface of the lead acid batteries does not allow for the powering of small portable devices such as watches, it maintains its usefulness in larger appliances and uses such as motor vehicles, which require a large amount of electrical energy to start up, but does not require a steady flow of energy. This is reflected in the property of these batteries being able to release large surges of energy. As these are designed for long use and provide large power, the cos t for these are quite high, ranging from $100 to $300 each.In comparison, the button cell battery is used for very small applications such as wrist watches and hearing aids. This is reflected in their small, convenience, and ability to provide a long lasting, steady flow of energy. However, this means that they are unable to supply large amounts of energy at a time, and are therefore unfit for use in industry and larger appliances such as motor vehicles. The cost of these batteries is much cheaper than that of the large, lead acid batteries, rarely coming up to above a few dollars. Impact on SocietyBatteries have had a large impact on inn since their invention. In particular, lead acid batteries were among the first to be invented. These batteries have had a major impact on society They have allowed for the powering of motor vehicles, which have become a major component in the lives of many living in developed cities. Though an older model of battery, these batteries continue to ho ld significant impact on society even today. In comparison, button cells power small, handheld portable appliances such as watches and hearing aids.This is asignificant going away from the impact of lead acid batteries. However, both batteries have impacted the life of many in developed societies, generally making life easier, and more convenient for all. Environmental impact Lead acid batteries are extremely hazardous to the environment. Lead is a hazardous metal, and poisonous to both environments and animals, and humans are not excepted. Though the use of lead in batteries is usually very controlled, the production of it is not of three plants in Australia, two have required strict non-residential zones of 2-3 km.This implies that though all safety precautions are being taken, there is still a danger of contamination and danger to the environment. In comparison, button cells are much safer. Though non rechargeable, their recyclability means the mining of the metals used in batte ries is reduced to a minimum. However, the environmental impact of these materials is determined by the actual materials used. This was reflected upon in the past, when mercuric oxide batteries were banned for the toxicity and environmental damage caused by mercury. References ttp//www. powerstream. com/Size_SLA. htm http//hyperphysics. phy-astr. gsu. edu/hbase/electric/leadacid. hypertext mark-up language http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Lead%E2%80%93acid_batteryElectrochemistry http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Silver-oxide_battery http//batteryuniversity. com/learn/article/types_of_battery_cells http//science. howstuffworks. com/electric-battery-info1. htm http//electrochem. cwru. edu/encycl/art-b02-batt-nonr. htm http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Button_cellProperties_of_different_types http//www. lead. org. au/lanv3n2/lanv3n2-5. html