Achilles the Illiad - 1570 Words

Iliad 21.70-135 (Lykaon supplicates Achilles, Achilles kills him) Consider Achilles’ response to supplication in this passage. How does this compare to his attitude in the extracts from the Iliad in your lecture/tutorial readings? The cruel rejection by Achilles to the supplication of Lykaon in Book 21 represents a fundamental transformation in the attitude of Achilles. Achilles has become full of anger and self-loathing following the death of Patroclus. Achilles answers Lykaon’s supplication by stating, â€Å"I reject this childish plea for mercy, and I will accept no ransom. Until Patroclus died, I often spared suppliants, and sold them abroad; but now all Trojans I catch will die, especially all sons of King Priam!† (Graves 1960†¦show more content†¦Achilles has been tipped over the edge by the blame he feels for failing his responsibilities and completely loses his grip on reality. Achilles no longer adheres to the moral and social standards that were previously so important to him in his quest for personal glory. The old values Achilles held are no longer relevant and he has lost all sense of right versus wrong. Achilles atrocious acts are symbolic of the war raging inside his mind. In his vengeful slaying of the Trojans he is metaphorically trying to kill himself over and over again. At this point Achilles is completely obsessed on obtaining revenge by killing Hector and absolutely nothing will stop him achieving this aim. Achilles is now in a psychological traumatic state of mind. Achilles wrath reaches its pinnacle when he kills Hector, as he declares, â€Å"at last I am avenged!† (Graves 1960 22:317). It would now be reasonable to expect that from this moment on Achilles anger would begin to subside with the relief of his revenge. We would rightfully expect to begin to see the return of the old Achilles as previously told, â€Å"but there is no gall in Achilleus’ heart, he is forgiving† (Lattimore 2011 2:240) however this is most certainly not the case. Instead Achilles anger is further and even more disturbingly demonstrated by his mutilation of Hectors body. Achilles has not found peace in his revenge whatsoever instead he becomes more deranged than ever. The death ofShow MoreRelated Achilles in The Illiad is not a Hero Essay1009 Words   |  5 PagesAchilles in The Illiad is not a Hero   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the introduction of the Essential Illiad given by Sheila Murnaghan, Achilles is labeled as â€Å"the greatest of the Greek heroes†. In classic mythology a hero is a person of great strength and courage celebrated for bold exploits and is often the offspring of a mortal and a god. Achilles was the greatest fighter among the Greeks or Trojans and feared no man in battle. He was also the offspring of a mortal and a god so by classic mythology definitionRead MoreThe Character of Achilles in Homers Illiad Essay1511 Words   |  7 PagesFor centuries now, the character of Achilleus, the great Achaean warrior, has been a subject of major debate among those studying Homers classic epic The Iliad. Ironically, though there is very little physical description of Achilleus in The Iliad, he is perhaps the most thoroughly developed character in the epic. It seems as though Achilleus has a tendency to make a very strong impression on the reader, and often a bad one a t that. Those who dislike Achilleus in particular attack his overpoweringRead MoreThe Fury of Achiles in Homers Illiad and Ovids Metamorphoses1066 Words   |  4 PagesAchilles Through the stories in both Homers Illiad and Ovids Metamorphoses one can see the power and the fury of Achilles, one greatest Greek warriors in the Trojan War. In Homers Illiad, Homer illustrates the battle between Achilles Hector, who was the Prince of Troy. In Ovids Metamorphoses, Ovid illustrates the battle between Achilles and Cycnus, who is the son of Neptune. In both battles, the outcome is the same both warriors are slain by Achilles. While both stories have the same endingRead MoreThe Trojan War : History Not Myth1545 Words   |  7 Pageshistories most legendary battles. This battle is told to have lasted ten years, resulting in the eventual collapse of Troy, under the siege of Greek forces. Modern knowledge of the Trojan War has survived mainly through the account given in Homer’s Illiad, and while having proved to be a rich source of inspiration for other writers, artists, and even filmmakers in recent history, much speculation still exists surrounding his accoun t. I will analyze modern interpretations of the Trojan War and examineRead MoreJacques Louis David, Andromache Mourning Hector1145 Words   |  5 Pagesinfluent to the latter Romantic movement, blends various elements and allusions of Homeric times to his artwork, encapsulating important Homeric textual and philosophical references. Masterfully, David engages audience with four central themes of the illiad; the rage of Achillies, Hectors death a metaphor for the fall of troy; and most importantly, the human impact of War. The ominous, heart-breaking family portrait not only enhances Homers’ text, but also ‘paints’ David’s own time; a steady shift intoRead MoreThe Road Of Immortality And Glory940 Words   |  4 PagesThe Road to Immortality and Glory â€Å"Gilgamesh† and â€Å"The Illiad† are epics that tell a character’s struggle to gain immortality and glory. Gilgamesh and Achilles’s motivations to gain immortality and glory are quite different. However, their journeys in trying to achieve these things are quite the same. Through the journey of trying to obtain immortality and glory, Gilgamesh and Achilles teach their audience the true way a person is able to gain immortality and glory in life. Although greatness,Read MoreThe Heroic Code1182 Words   |  5 Pagesdecisions often affect the lives of others as well. They need the heroic code to guide them in their decision making. In this essay, I will describe the heroic code and share its applications in the stories of Beowulf, Gilgamesh and Noah, and The Illiad, as well as my other personal experiences. I will start with the story of The Man of La Mancha, which is a play based on the story of Don Quixote. In this story, you have a rather deranged man on a quest to become a knight. In order to become aRead MoreCharacteristics Of A Hero In The Illiad979 Words   |  4 Pagesanything in between. People tend to think about unrealistic heroes who wear crazy outfits and capes and have a different they hide behind, but during the time of the Ancient Greeks, they had slightly different thoughts on heroes. When it comes to The Illiad by Homer, one of the biggest things focused on is the image of the hero. Homer never directly gives the answer to the question â€Å"What makes a good hero?†, but he does write about many heroes, and through the writings it is easy to pick up what qualitiesRead MoreTheme Of Glory In The Iliad774 Words   |  4 Pagesnegatively. In the early books of the Iliad, Agamemnon and Achilles are more concerned with individual honor rather than the well-being o f the city. In chapter 1, lines 135 -140, we clearly see Agamemnon defending his honor and pride by insisting, that because he is the king, he must not be left without a prize. By doing so, he has angered his greatest warrior whom is essential, to the defeat of Troy. By taking Briseis, Agamemnon dishonors Achilles and causes him to refuse to fight for his fellow AchaeansRead MoreAchilles, Aeneas, and Roland979 Words   |  4 Pagesduring the times of the ancient Greeks and Romans, as well as during the medieval period when Germanic tribes ruled Europe. To help them get through their very insecure days, people would tell oral stories of great heroes, like those of Achilles, Aeneas, and Roland. Achilles was a Greek war hero who fights in the Trojan War, a ten year long war between Greece and Troy (present day Turkey). Aeneas was an epic hero in ancient Roman folklore. He was a soldier who fought in the Trojan War and after surviving

The Five Things I Have Learned - 1279 Words

In this course, History 101 Western Civilization to 1689, the five things I have learned are: Homer’s life and writings; Aristotle, and his synthesis of early thinkers; Alexander the Great, and his legacy; Julius Caesar, and his power; and finally, Martin Luther, and his influence. I feel that in this course I learned more about people in history than I have ever learned before. These people I am discussing have made tremendous impacts on the world and have allowed so much growth in western civilization. The topics I have picked to discuss are the most important to me because they symbolize, in my mind, eras, and the great changes of the world, mainly through mindset and belief. These five topics show how people are needed to make changes, and to make history, and how the ideas that are brought before these times have lasted the years. The first major thing that I learned was about Homer; who he was and how his writings â€Å"helped shape the Greek spirit and Greek religion† (Perry, Chase and Jacob). I feel that Homer, and his works, such as â€Å"Iliad† and â€Å"The Odyssey†, were very important because they allowed a transformation in the views of an individual. Homer placed the individual as another force of life that has the power to change events and determine their own lives, not just the gods, in his works. â€Å"Homer’s view of the eternal order of the world and his conception of the individual striving for excellence that brought honor and esteem form the foundations of the GreekShow MoreRelatedReflection About Communication1011 Words   |  5 Pagessignificant thing learned since the course began? A: Prior to class starting, I never knew how essential communication is for our everyday life. One new thing that I learned is the five needs that communication addresses (Floyd, pg 4-6): Physical Relational Identity Spiritual Instrumental Learning about the five basic needs that communication provides, I was able to understand not just the benefits of having strong social ties, but how communication fulfills everyday needs that we humans have. Q:Read MoreStudy Skills And Learning Experience958 Words   |  4 Pagesexperience. These fifteen week I have spent in study skills have taught me a lot about college. When I first got to Troy I was on probation. By the end of the first semester I was off of probation, and I thought I had everything in hand. But by then end of the second semester last year I put back on at the end of the year. As I sat down over the summer I had come to a realization that I had no true idea on what it meant to study or take notes. So this semester I decided to take study skills to helpRead MoreWhat I Learned From This Course866 Words   |  4 PagesI would like to begin my Essay explaining all that I learned from this course. The first thing I learned was my Learning Patterns and how to use them not only in my course through school but my everyday life. Learning how my brain-mind connection work’s best for me. In this course, I was able to learn how I was already using my Learning Patterns before I even knew what they were and how valuable they are to myself and my future goals. I learned where I may use one pattern more than the other, orRead MoreReflections Of Oral Communications Class And Plans For Continued Progress965 Words   |  4 Pagesat Brenau and I was nervous about how things would go. Despite the fact that it was online and only five weeks, I enjoyed speech class and I feel like I learned a great deal a short time. I will share with you my insights on how I improved; my plan for applying my knowledge in the future and some skills I feel like I gained from taking the course. As I reflect on the class and how I improved I think first to how nervous I felt about having to speak on camera. In my previous job I had to speak inRead MoreWhy I Learned About International Business974 Words   |  4 PagesThere were many things that I like about the class and there was nothing that I did not like at all. The things I liked about the class were reading the book Chosen. I really enjoyed being able to learn about International Business. This course was for semester five students but I was able to get in and I am glad that I was. One of the reasons I like the class was also that the teacher Rabih Hitti was easy going and kept the class engaged in the discussions and made the class stay awake for the 1:30Read MoreMy First Online Class At Brenau And I Was Nervous953 Words   |  4 Pagesat Brenau and I was nervous about how things would go. Despite the fact that it was online and only five weeks, I enjoyed speech class and I feel like I learned a great deal in a sh ort time. I will share with you my insights on how I improved; my plan for applying my knowledge in the future and some skills I feel like I gained from taking the course. As I reflect on the class and how I improved I think first to how nervous I felt about having to speak on camera. In my previous job I had to speakRead MoreWhat I Learned From This Course865 Words   |  4 PagesI would like to begin my essay explaining all that I learned from this course. The first thing I learned was my Learning Patterns and how to use them not only in my course through school but my everyday life. Learning how my brain-mind connection work’s best for me. In this course, I was able to find out how I was already using my Learning Patterns before I even knew what they were and how valuable they are to myself and my future goals. I learned where I may use one pattern more than the other,Read MoreDescriptive Essay About My Mother949 Words   |  4 Pageshow chaotic things can become there has always been one person that I can turn to, my mom. She’s been a wealth of advice to call on when I’m clueless and a shoulder to cry on when I’m down . Her compassion for others inspires me to be a better person as does the guidance she has given me over the years. She’s not afraid to give me a reality check and to tell me the things I don’t want to hear even though I need to. She keeps me grounded and teaches me to appreciate the smaller things in life. EvenRead MoreMy Personality Test For General Psychology1742 Words   |  7 Pagesgeneral psychology in Lab 2, I am both intrigued and surprised by my results. Prior to this class, I have taken other personality profile tests due to my fascination with the way the human mind works. I have found that understanding my own personality, as well as the personalities of others helps immensely when trying to interact and relate to the people closest to us. Before I began this summary, I needed to know more about the determination of me being an ESFJ. Initially, I did not agree with the findingsRead MoreNorms Of A Norm Violation869 Words   |  4 PagesSome things I do in my life can be considered a norm or a norm violation. Norm violations are stepping away from what our society considers to be a norm. There are a few different types of norms. Norms that are not enforced are called folkways. Folkways can be considered people who are half naked in a gay parade. Norms that are strictly enforced because they are a core value of a group are mores. Mores are when a woman would be exposing her breast in the gay parade. On February 17, 2016 I decided

Entrepreneurship And Innovation Management Globalization and Competi

Question: Describe about the Entrepreneurship And Innovation Management for Globalization and Competition. Answer: Introduction Globalization and increasing number of start-ups across the world have led to increased competition in every aspect of business(Zott, 2011). Due to relaxation of international laws in business cross border sales and trade have increased and companies are now deploying variety of strategies to expand their business. However starting up or development of successful entrepreneurial endeavors requires tremendous commitment of resources and overcoming immense challenges. Research reflects that amongst start-ups success rates are low to the tune of merely 33% failing within their first six months of business, rest within the next three years fail to survive. There is a strong perception regarding luck prevailing amongst entrepreneurial mind-set in running their businesses. Successful process of entrepreneurial business initiates with the process of creating an innovative business model. The scope of this report has undertaken the case company of Campbell Soup Company(Ross, 2006). Campbell is an American canned soup company. It was established in 1869 with headquarters in Camden, New Jersey, USA. The company produces soups and various products that are distributed across 120 countries worldwide. Its products consist of soups, V8, porridge pot, baked snacks and so on. The companys has an employee base of over 23,000 people. The entrepreneurial stages of the company is understood and its business model innovation. The essay further analyses strengths and weaknesses of the ventures business model and the way they have developed in the future. The company was a successful food producer with aggressive acquisition and pricing strategy. The company had suffered huge losses in the year 1996 to 2000 which made the company go into a state of turmoil. The then, CEO of the company Douglas Conant helped the company recover and becoming profitable again(Dollinger, 2008). Though this is not a case of an ideal startup but the revival process can be seen in the light of entrepreneuri al life cycle. Analysis Entrepreneurs generally innovate new ideas or ways of doing things and the execute them differently to form businesses. The most important aspect of entrepreneurial ventures lies in the execution part of their formed strategy. Execution includes three basic processes involving people, strategy and operations. Hence, an entrepreneur needs to ensure that he has a successful team who can successfully implement strategy formed by the entrepreneur(Hoy, 2006). In Campbell Soups after failing of the businesses once, the new CEO devised steady strategies targeting at company improvement, he needed to indulge in employee engagement programs. While incorporating in new and variable products of the company it needed tremendous commitment from employees which was only possible through employee engagement programs. Thus, the CEO realized the need of having an effective team for the companys success. Entrepreneurship life cycle comprises of five distinct stages of visualizing business opportunities, ideation and testing, business model generation, resource acquisition and management and execution. In the first stage of the life cycle an idea is generated by inspiration using various tools and techniques as mind mapping, visual thinking, and customer journey and so on(Kiron, 2013). For Campbell Soups this idea was centralized around improvising product quality. This poised a major challenge for the company, which was extremely difficult to attain as they had continued four years of worse performance. Belonging to the grocery sector that grows at 2% annually, the required target seemed impossible. Once an idea is generated its goes for ideation and testing, in this stage solution to the problem is identified and formed. Returns from the food industry were based on value that investors derive from their investments. Thus, success or failure of any business was entirely dependent on its shareholders profits, in order to uplift the same the company started implementing employee engagement programs. Ideation and testing for the company began by setting continuous improvement goals for the company(Ricart, 2011). Figure 1 : Approach of Entrepreneurship Innovation Source : (Alexander, 2010) The third and most vital step of the entrepreneurial cycle is Business Model Generation which is an implementation stage for the business. It requires creation of the Business Model Canvas that requires Value Chain Analysis to be applied. Business model generating is the fundamental stage for an entrepreneurial cycle and an entrepreneur should ideally develop, design and tests possible models for the business. Having various models for the business allows entrepreneurs with choice of options to test each prior to their application. While generation of innovative ideas for the business, an entrepreneur should recognize disruptive technologies, innovations(Alexander, 2010). For Campbell Soups business model innovation centered on creating extraordinary shareholder value. The company aimed to develop business model by being a leader in the marketplace, along with winning in its own workplace. Thus, they linked success at their workplace to create winning ambience in the external environ ment of the company. Figure 2 : Business Model Canvas Source : (Vargas, 2015) A Business Model Canvas (BMC) is a strategic management tool that entrepreneurs use for documenting their businesses. It includes companys products value proposition, customer, finances, infrastructure by aligning them with their potential trade-offs. The above figure is an ideal depiction of BMC that uses key strategic resources of the firm to provide value to its customers. Campbell Soups business model was designed by complying with the BMC for the company(Chesbrough, 2007). Key Activities: Its key activities in business, which includes implementing companys value proposition as for Campbell Soups its value proposition was centralized on creation of soups of varying types that could satisfy the taste buds of customers and thereby increase companys market share. Key Resources: These can be viewed as resources that helps create value for customers and these are assets for the company(Sharma, 2011). Campbell Soups CEO realized that employees are the most valued resource for the company and can initiate and help bring a change into the current business processes. Thus the key resources, being human resources once they were diagnosed, there were engagement programs for helping them execute the strategies for being an extraordinary company. Competitors of the company had high engagement ratios for its employees to derive competitive strengths for their companies as well(Drucker, 2014). Partner Network: This proposition in the canvas helps businesses reduce risks of its business model by enhancing buyer-supplier relationship. Campbell Soups was focused on deriving value from its entire value chain with a widely engaged network. The CEO of the company believes that for the entire company and its processes to be innovative and extraordinary value needs to be derived from the entire value chain and not just from only products. Value Propositions: These are collection of products to meet customers demands and expectations. This helps a company establish its core competency and distinguish itself from its competitors by considerable competitive advantage(Trimi, 2012). Campbell Soups first kind of innovation was microwaveable soups which was started in 2002 called Soup at Hand. This product attracted high number of customers and led the company to becoming $250 million microwaveable soup business. Second innovative product of the company was soups with low sodium content, this attracted a lot of senior buyers. They created 43 types of low sodium variety soups with the help of natural sea salt and other technology(Nguyen, 2010). This product created a buzz and ended up being another $400million product band. Then he company introduced V8 vegetable juice and V8 Fusion which was vegetable juice with fruit juice. This product was very well accepted by customers as it had high health benefits associated with it an d a sweet flavor that appealed to their taste buds. Customer Segment: Customers are the source of revenue for any type of business, hence a business needs to identify its target market segment(Kirzner, 2015). For Campbell Soups products was offered for all types of customers genders, income groups, age groups and geographic segments. Its soups have good taste and are a healthy snacking alternative that easily satisfy taste buds of individuals. Its further product addition helps in attending to a broader market segment. Channels: A company needs to establish relationship with its customers through a proper channel. Campbell Soups has an established channel for distribution of its various types of soups and juices. It markets its products by use of retail distributors, supermarkets, stores and other outlets(Johnson, 2008). Customer Relationships: For creating sustenance for their businesses, companies need to identify relationships it wants to create with its customers segments. Campbell Soups engages in communities to help receive feedback from its customers. Further it has a website and email address where customers can provide feedback and any grievances for the company. Finances: It encompasses the consequences for functioning under the specified business model. For Campbell Soups the primary focus was to improve year on year and to deliver returns to investors. By implementing its business plans and model it has been able to achieve 16% per year overtaking all competitors in the market(Frederick, 2007). The most important criteria for the company was to get adequate returns on the capital invested in the firm and through proper planning it has been able to achieve the same. Revenue Streams: It comprises of the various incomes that a company makes from each of its customer segment. For Campbell soups it new product developments have crated tremendous potential and market capabilities for the company enhancing its effectiveness. Thus, all such products and consumer segment helps generate revenues for the company. Resources: Another integral step to entrepreneurial success is resource acquisition, which is critical to apply any plan and strategy for the company. Finance and other resources required by the company is integral to success of the company as in absence of any required resource, it will not be able to successfully implement its plans and strategies. Campbell Soup Company made significant amount of investment in order to revive their business. Its further investment in resources included its employee engagement programs. The strength of applying Business Model is primarily focus. Its design helps guide and drawing attention to the key activities of the business(Chesbrough, 2010). It also establishes concept regarding one aspects relation to the other. The other strength of Business Model includes speed and agility as its key principle focuses on quality rather on quantity. It helps determine key inputs for each building block that will help attain possible results unlike SWOT that is a filling up exercise merely. Third and most important aspect of Business Model is that it is focused on common language and helps get adequate feedback(Parker, 2006). Thus, its applicability is greater than other processes in creating business model. Hence it is centered on value proposition for the business by depicting control variables on left and relating them to market aspects to the right. Thus, for Campbell Soups it serves immense purpose of serving adequate resources identification for driving growth for its bus iness. Its proposed business model has helped it grow and catered to its goals. The weaknesses of Business Model are that it does not include the companys strategic purpose. The vision, mission of the company is excluded from the model. Hence it focuses on revenue or profits as goals for the company. Secondly Business model excludes competitive notions. It ignores competition and considers internal aspects of the company on the money-making logic. Thirdly Business model mixes levels of abstraction. All nine elements in the Business model are explained at same level of aggregation compared to other elements thus certain parts receive much more emphasis compared to other parts(Stevenson, 2007). Campbell Soups has not nee able to define its strategic plans by the use of this model and has also excluded its competitive strategy which is a major drawback of its model. In order to grow further the business needs to identify and adopt tools of innovation from entrepreneurial life cycle theories. Various theories of innovation suggests ways and means by which companies can further expand their capacities and grow. There are processes of innovation as open innovation and closed innovation. Further, entrepreneurs can apply lean start-up theories to apply and grow in their current businesses. Lean start-up theories is based on lean manufacturing processes and helps in reducing waste in businesses. Companies can also capitalize on Absorptive Capacity that can help recognize new innovation and help them grow. Customer Journey Mapping is another popular way of helping companies recognize ways and means to grow from their current state(Colombo, 2008). Conclusion Entrepreneurship is the process by which an individual forms or sets-up business. Every entrepreneur has their own sets of ideas and innovative processes. While innovation continues to be the heart of entrepreneurial processes its execution if lacks the correct essence then the whole ventures gets failed. Hence, research has a high depiction of business start-ups failing. Entrepreneurial life cycle is a step by step process that guides and entrepreneur to reach the envisioned goals of the company. In order to do so a business model is prepared, to put in papers deliverables of an entrepreneurial venture. Business Model Canvas on the other hand is a depiction all key resources and capabilities of the firm put into practice that can help deliver value propositions to customers. Case study for Campbell Soups provides valuable insight into various processes followed by a company to form a business model canvas and execute the same by having tremendous importance attached to them. Though there are underlying strengths and weaknesses of business model as it does not help attain to business strategic plans, but it provides a meaning direction to attaining companys tangible benefits as profits, market share, returns on investment, revenue and so on. Thus, for future growth and development using such alternatives needs to be highly focused on the process of innovation by deploying various norms and practices. References Alexander, O. and Yves, P., 2010. Business model generation.Business Model Canvas, explanation and concept of the Business Model canvas, pp.89-107. Chesbrough, H., 2007. Business model innovation: it's not just about technology anymore.Strategy leadership,35(6), pp.12-17. Chesbrough, H., 2010. Business model innovation: opportunities and barriers.Long range planning,43(2), pp.354-363. Colombo, M.G. and Piva, E., 2008. Strengths and weaknesses of academic startups: a conceptual model.IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,55(1), pp.37-49. Dollinger, M.J., 2008.Entrepreneurship: Strategies and resources. Marsh Publications. Drucker, P., 2014.Innovation and entrepreneurship. Routledge. Frederick, H.H., Kuratko, D.F. and Hodgetts, R.M., 2007.Entrepreneurship: Theory, process, practice. Nelson Australia. Hoy, F., 2006. The complicating factor of life cycles in corporate venturing.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,30(6), pp.831-836. Johnson, M.W., Christensen, C.M. and Kagermann, H., 2008. Reinventing your business model.Harvard business review,86(12), pp.57-68. Kiron, D., Kruschwitz, N., Reeves, M. and Goh, E., 2013. The benefits of sustainability-driven innovation.MIT Sloan Management Review,54(2), p.69. Kirzner, I.M., 2015.Competition and entrepreneurship. University of Chicago press. Nguyen, D.K. and Slater, S.F., 2010. Hitting the sustainability sweet spot: Having it all.Journal of Business Strategy,31(3), pp.5-11. Parker, S. ed., 2006.The life cycle of entrepreneurial ventures(Vol. 3). Springer Science Business Media. Ricart, J. and Casadesus-Masanell, R., 2011. How to design a winning business model.Harvard business review,89, pp.1-2. Ross, J.W., Weill, P. and Robertson, D., 2006.Enterprise architecture as strategy: Creating a foundation for business execution. Harvard Business Press. Sharma, P. and Salvato, C., 2011. Commentary: Exploiting and exploring new opportunities over life cycle stages of family firms.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,35(6), pp.1199-1205. Stevenson, H.H. and Jarillo, J.C., 2007. A paradigm of entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial management. InEntrepreneurship(pp. 155-170). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Trimi, S. and Berbegal-Mirabent, J., 2012. Business model innovation in entrepreneurship.International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal,8(4), pp.449-465. Vargas, I.S., Calva, A.L.G. and Camacho, J.H., 2015. Business model canvas.Ciencias Huasteca Boletn Cientfico de la Escuela Superior de Huejutla,3(5). Zott, C., Amit, R. and Massa, L., 2011. The business model: recent developments and future research.Journal of management,37(4), pp.1019-1042.

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I told myself, This is high school, try to make your Enron year best out of it! I started to get into trouble with the law, and had bad grades in some of my classes. My counselor called me out of class one day when I was in athletic. After have a short little meeting with my counselor, she told me that I wasnt going to graduate high school if kept doing badly in my classes. I went home and told my mom what my counselor had told me. During this point of my life, my lovely mother taught me a treasured and powerful lesson of being responsible for my own acts.The first thing needed for myself was to arrive at the party with drinks, ND alcohol. I couldnt party without drinks I needed beer to get me savage for the night. The party was hosted by Willie at his dads ranch. The ranch had tall grass on the field, and an old house behind the wooden area. The old house was rusty, sitting side way, and the windows were broken too. Also there were some old school cars just parked in the woods getting all rusty, and old ranch tractors. I brought my football teammates with me every time would go party, they were my body guards.My teammates were Joe, Henry, Willie and Marco. We all played together on the varsity football team. Joe was one of the top running backs in the nation. Joe was 18 years old, muscular, tall African American and his position was running back. Henry was 18 years old, really skinny, tall, Hispanic and his position was kicker. Willie was 19 years old, chubby, tall, Hispanic and his position was quarterback. Marco was younger than all of us 1 7 years old, muscular, tall, white, and his position was linebacker. We would all play, Beer Pong and that game would get us really drunk. It was the fun part of the party. Some random chicks would join our game and get wasted with us for the night. The party was at Willie dads ranch in Rose City, Texas. It was deep in the country, all I could smell was burned wood, and I could see a lot of smoke going to air from few miles away. Also, could hear a lot Of animals growling like goats, dogs, horses, pigs and chickens. Felt like was in the middle of the woods surrounded with tons of animals. It was three Oclock in the morning, Im on my way back home with my teammates from the party. I was drunk, and I decided to drive my parents car.When I started to drive, all I could see was blurry lights in my eyes. I Hough I was becoming blind or something was wrong with me. Kept looking at myself in the middle mirror of the car, to see if had anything in my eyes. I got on 130 highway heading home. I was swerving and switching lanes while cars were next to my lane. I almost crashed into a SUB. A car that was right behind me took a picture of my parents car, license plate, then called 911. People were that saw me swerving on the highway they flashed their high beam headlights. Was getting mad because they kept doing and it bothered my eyes while I was driving.A couple miles away from where people took picture of my parents car license plate, a state trooper officer turned his sirens and the lights on. The officer pulled me over to the side of the road on the highway. When saw the officer walking toward to my parents car, I got really scared to death, and area close to cry. My heart was pounding really fast like I Was going have a heart attack. Immediately, the state trooper started to ask me tons of questions. First, he asked me what my name was, and where I was coming from. Then he said, Have you been drinking? I replied, No, sir. With my words shaking. Officer aid, l can smell alcohol coming out of your mouth. Officer said, Please step out of the car. When the officer told get out of the car, was scared because I didnt know what they would do to me. The officer called for a backup to come and help him out with my teammates that were in the car. Six more police officers showed up with their lights on and got off of the car quickly. They all walked to my parents car. Each officer had one of my teammates and asked questions. After he had called for a backup, the officer did me a breathalyzer test.Meanwhile, the officer said, You are over the influence and o are under arrested. I was charged with a DID. The officer put me in the back of his car, and I saw my teammates getting arrested too. One person went in each police officer car, and then officer brought in a K-9 dog to see if we had any drugs with us. Next, heard the officer calling a tow truck to come pick up my parents car. A couple of minutes, later had arrived too local city jail. The officer that works at the station had booked me in. She took me a mug shot of me, and had a small board on my hands.On the board that had in my hands said, my name, and the date of birth. After I was arrested by the state trooper, I was really scared because didnt want my parents to find out what just had happened to me. I was speechless when I had to call my parents from jail. Had missed a week of school, and my football head coach kept calling my parents to see where I was. Coach asked Why your son hasnt been showing up to school. My parents had told him that I was still in jail, explained him what had happened. Few days later I came back to school from the biggest mistake Ive done in my life.On the day I went back to school, my football coach had just kicked me out of the team. He made me clear out my locker, while I was cleaning out my locker I had looked around, and I had seen my teammates locker that were with me that night. Their locker were clean out, and they didnt have their name tag at all either. Was supposed to get a scholarship, but then I ruined everything. Coach said, Mr.. Ventura, Im really sad for the acts you did, and you will not be receiving a scholarship anymore. Joe, was the biggest star on our football team. He was being scouted by multiple football coaches, from big universities.

ADD essays

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The Universe and the Cosmological Argument essays

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PepsiCo Buyer Behaviour Analysis

PepsiCo Buyer Behaviour Analysis Buyer Behavior for Consumer Market Introduction In the summer of 1898, In New Bern, North Carolina, a young pharmacist named Caleb Bradham began experimenting with combinations of spices, juices and syrup trying to create refreshing new drinks to serve his customers. He succeeded beyond expectations by inventing new beverages know as Pepsi-Cola. Nowadays, Pepsi is a well known soft drink in all over the world. From its humble beginnings over a century ago, Pepsi-Cola has grown to become one of the best-known, most-loved products throughout the world. And the company behind it PepsiCo has grown as well, standing today as the premier marketer of refreshment beverages, juices and snack foods. They have consumer in over 200 countries in the whole world. The company offers more than 500 beverages and snack that appeal to every age of consumer age group and demographic category. Today, PepsiCo is a $29 billion company, employing more than 150,000 people speaking more than 40 languages around the globe. The company is consistently recognized for its corporate citizenship, philanthropic efforts and diversity programs. It is the worlds fourth-largest food and beverage company and is staking its claim as the global leader in convenience foods and beverages. PepsiCo has a strong plan to continue to expand with an enormous lineup of convenience foods and drinks that provide great taste, nutrition and fun around the clock. Here is the list of Pepsi Co brands and products. Mirinda, 7UP (International), Pepsi Limà ³n, Kas, Teem, Pepsi Max, Pepsi Light, Starbucks Doubleshot (Partnership), Starbucks Doubleshot, Energy (Partnership) Starbucks Iced Coffee (Partnership), Tropicana Twister, and Mountain Dew. Model of Consumer Behavior Consumer makes many buying decision every day. Many large companies do some research about consumer buying decision in great detail to answer questions what will customer buy, where they buy, how much they, when they buy and why they will buy those product. According to Principles of Marketing, Kotler (2008) Consumer Buyer Behavior refers to the buying behavior of final consumer which are individuals and households who buy goods and services for personal consumptions. The entire final consumer combines to make a consumer market. Many big companies did a lot of marketing effort to attract the consumer to buy their product. For example, Pepsi Company. The company did a lot of marketing effort to attract the consumer such as advertising, survey, promotion and apply the 4 Ps to make the consumer aware about their product. The question here is, how did the consumer respond to the various marketing effort that Pepsi company use? Model of buyer behavior consist of Marketing and other stimuli, Buyers black box and Buyer Responses. Marketing and other stimuli will enter the consumers black box and produce certain responses. So marketers need to figure out what is in the buyers black box. Marketing stimuli consist of the Four Ps which are Product, Price, Place and Promotions. Other stimuli included major forces and events in the buyers environment such as economic, technological, political and cultural. All the inputs will enter the buyers black box, where they are turned into a set of observable buyer responses. Under buyer responses there are product choice, brand choice, dealer choice, purchase timing and purchase amount. Consumers do not make their decisions in a void. Their purchases are highly influenced by cultural social, personal, and psychological factors. Here some of that influence the behavior or the particular market: Cultural Factor Cultural factor divided into three sub factors Culture, Sub Culture, Social Class. Culture is the set of basic values perceptions, wants, and behaviors learned by a member of society from family and other important institutions. Culture is the most basic cause of a persons wants and behavior. Every group or society has a culture, and cultural influences on buying behavior may vary greatly from country to country. Based on the case study, we are doing a Pepsi brands in Malaysia. Malaysia has many races of people such as Malay, Chinese, Indian and many more. Now days many people choose to drink Pepsi because it is Halal and did not contain any alcohol. It is because most culture in Malaysia did not allowed them to drink alcohol. So for teenager of adult who cannot drink an alcohol drink, they can choose to drink Pepsi. Other than that, now day culture in Malaysia more shift towards greater concern about health and fitness. This had brought a lot of huge industry for health fitness services, more natural foods and variety of diets. So for Pepsi company which serve soft drinks, they had come with a new products known as Pepsi Max which has less sugar and gas to fulfill the new culture of Malaysian people. Sub Culture is a group of people with shared value systems based on common life experiences and situations. Each culture contains smaller sub cultures a group of people with shared value system based on common life experiences and situations. Sub culture includes nationalities, religions, racial group and geographic regions. Many sub culture make up important market segments and marketers often design products. For Pepsi company, sub culture is very important in influencing the consumer to buy their products. They need to target consumer based on their nationalities, religions, racial group and geographic regions. For nationalities, Pepsi must aware about any country that did not allowed their people to take soft drinks. For example, India. They had once ban Pepsi in their country because of the sugar contain in Pepsi. According to Marketing, Kotler (2008), Many subcultures make up important market segments, and marketers often design products and marketing programs tailored to their needs. Pepsi should not make an advertisement which can touch the sensitiveness of any religions, nationalities and others. Social Class Almost every society has some form of social structure, social classes are societys relatively permanent and ordered divisions whose members share similar values, interests and behavior. Social class did not determined by a single factors such as incomes, but it measured as a combination of occupation, income, education, wealth, and other variables. Marketers are interested in social class because people within given social class tend to exhibit similar buying behavior. Social Factors A consumers behavior also is influenced by social factors, such as the Groups, Family, Roles and status. Groups are two or more people who interact to accomplish individual or mutual goals. A persons behaviors are influenced by many small groups. Groups that have a direct influence and to which a person belongs are called membership groups. Some are primary groups includes family, friends, neighbours and coworkers. Some are secondary groups, which are more formal and have less regular interaction. These include organizations like religious groups, professional association and trade unions. For groups, it is much easier for Pepsi to attract them to buy their products. Because a single member of the groups can influences almost all the group member to follow them. For example, a leader in one group can influenced the members to buy Pepsi as part of the group activities. Family members can strongly influence buyer behavior. The family is the most important consumer buying organization society and it has been researched extensively. Marketers are interested in the roles, and influence of the husband, wife and children on the purchase of different products and services. In this social class, Pepsi need to target the children because they are the people who will consume more Pepsi. But of cause they will ask their parents to buy the products. So Parents is the customer and Children is the consumer. Roles and Status is a person belongs to many groups, family, clubs, organizations. The persons position in each group can be defined in terms of both role and status. For example, Mdm Airis plays the role of Mother, in her family she plays the role of wife, and in her company, she plays the role of manager. A Role consists of the activities people are expected to perform according to the persons around them. Personal Factors Personal factors consists of Age and life cycle stage, Occupation, Economic situation, Life Style, and Personality and self concept. Age and Life cycle Stage is People changes the goods and services they buy over their lifetimes. Tastes in food, clothes, furniture, and recreation are often age related. Buying is also shaped by the stage of the family life cycle. Here Pepsi cannot target the all age of people to buy their products. They should target consumer from children, to teenagers and finally the adults. Because nowdays many people concern about their health. So they will try to avoid any soft drinks that have a lot of sugar and gas. This will affect their health. Occupation is a persons occupation affects the goods and services bought. Blue collar workers tend to buy more rugged work clothes, whereas white-collar workers buy more business suits. A Company can even specialize in making products needed by a given occupational group. Thus, computer software companies will design different products for brand managers, accountants, engineers, lawyers, and doctors. From here we can conclude that only working people can purchase Pepsi products. But not every one of them will purchase Pepsi. So Pepsi need to find a thing or a person to influence them. For example, advertisement is the best tools to influence them or for parents, children are their best factors to influence them to buy Pepsi products. Economic situation is a persons economic situation will affect product choice. Life Style is a persons Pattern of living, understanding these forces involves measuring consumers major AIO dimensions. For example, activities such as Work, hobbies, shopping, support. Other than that interest, Food, fashion, family recreation and opinions about themselves, Business, Products Personality and Self concept each persons distinct personality influence his or her buying behavior. Personality refers to the unique psychological characteristics that lead to relatively consistent and lasting responses to ones own environment. Psychological Factors Psychological factors consist of Motivation, Perception, Learning, Beliefs and attitudes Motivation. Motive drives a need that is sufficiently pressing to direct the person to seek satisfaction of the need. Perception, The process by which people select, Organize, and interpret information to form a meaningful picture of the world. Learning is Changes in an individuals behavior arising from experience. Beliefs and attitudes. Belief is a descriptive thought that a person holds about something Attitude, a Persons consistently favorable or unfavorable evaluations, feelings, and tendencies towards an object or idea. Marketing Research Technique INTRODUCTION According to Malhotra (1996), Market Research can be defined as a key element within the total field of marketing information. Its links the consumer, customer and public to the market through information which is to identify and define marketing opportunities and problems generate, refine and evaluate marketing actions while improved the understanding of marketing as a process and of the ways in which specific marketing activities can be made more effective. This is for the reason that its always incorporates some form of the data collection whether it is secondary research (often referred to as desk research) or primary research which is collected direct from a respondent. While based on the case study we know that Pepsi Co is one of the most famous company that produce soft drink and some other product. Subsequently to get the information about Pepsi Co we need to do the market research so that we will know how far the customer or consumer is satisfied with the Pepsi product as well. This is because without the market research they might be tough for Pepsi Co to know about the level of satisfaction of their customer towards their product that has been produce by them. Consequently to get the work become more efficient we will follow the step on market research which is the first step is we will apply the web site method to get the first condition and perception about the Pepsi Co. This is because through the web site method we will get extra information such as the impression, background, financial and so on about the Pepsi Co. Next we will make some preparation on preparing the questionnaire about Pepsi Co which is in the questionnaire include some of the question about how society get know about the Pepsi Co and how much they spend to buy Pepsi product. On top of that the 20 sheet of questionnaire has been distributed towards the people around the Kuala Lumpur Convention Center (KLCC) which is the trendiest place that all people knew bout it. The data analysis will analyze by 20 people around there with the different age and occupation. Finally the data that has been collected will be prepared and presented in the best way. Primary data collection can be considered as one of the extra sources because is needed when a researcher cannot find the data needed in secondary sources. Market researchers are interested in primary data about demographic, socioeconomic, characteristics, attitudes or opinions or interests, awareness or knowledge, intentions, motivation, and behavior. Three basic means of obtain by primary data are observation, surveys, and experiments. The choice will be influenced by the nature of the problem and by the availability of time and money. SURVEY According to Business Dictionary.com (2009), Survey can be defined as the collection of data from a given population for the reason of analysis of a particular issue. Data that frequently collected from a sample of a population, knows as a sample of survey. As we already informed surveys is one of the ways that are used widely in research, especially in market research to find some information or any feedback from others towards some product. Besides that there have 4 types of survey which is include personal interview, self-administrated surveys, telephone interviews and direct observation. In order to collect the information of Pepsi Co we were applying 2 types of survey which is personal interview and self administrated surveys which are made by us as well. Personal Interview According to Business Dictionary.com (2009), Personal Interview can be defined as a market research technique for gathering information through face-to-face while contact with individuals. Personal interviews take place in a variety of place like settings-in homes, at shopping malls, in a business office and so forth. One of the personal interviews is face-to face interviews which is this interview are conducted between a market researcher and a respondent. Then the data is collected on a survey. Some surveys are very rigid or structured and use closed questions. So that the data is easy to compared with others. Further about face-to-face interviews is more in strength, and depend upon more open forms of questioning. The research will investigate and develop points of interest. While based on the case study, we were takes place in KLCC to do the research up about the Pepsi Co which is the trendiest area in the Kuala Lumpur. We chose this place because on a daily basis there is more people visit that place and most of them are from people around the Malaysia. Consequently we use the face to face interview because easy to get feedback from them and we can get the information on the spot. On top of that Pepsi Co can get directly more explanation from them because they can through out what they felt about the product that has been produced by Pepsi Co. Self-Administrated Surveys A self-administrated survey is one in which the respondent completes the survey on his or her. While as we know Questionnaires are usually printed on paper, but they might be in other ways like programmed into computer and places on the internet and ask for the respond. However, Self-administrated questionnaires present a challenge to the marketing researcher because they really on the efficiency of the written word rather than the skills of the interviewer. Self-administrated surveys are attractive because they are low in cost, and they avoid interviewer evaluation apprehension or worry. While based on the case study, when we do the survey about Pepsi Co we would just used pen and a paper to make the survey complete. Instead of that the people that has been ask for complete the survey questionnaire will directly respond on the questionnaire. Consequently we can get the result of the information directly of the questionnaire which is has been complete by the respondent. Telephone Interviews Telephone interviews also can be consider as one of the techniques that can be done to make our survey complete which is telephone interviews is also one of the key under the survey method. Telephone interview can be defined as an interview that gathers information through telephone contact with individuals. This means that the interviewers will call their respondent to get the feedback or respond from their customers. As a result the information that gathers would help us as well to make changes towards our product that has been survey. Direct Mail While surveys also can be made by using the direct mail which is the interviewers will send the questionnaire through the email so that the respondent can give the feedback form there using the mail responded .Example like company A which is the interviewer and in order to evaluate their performance towards society they will try to make and Direct mail interview which is they will send some question that will be in questionnaire and may be might ask about their company services that has been provided to society and they will sent the questionnaire to Company B which the interviewee. On this cases the company will receive the questionnaire form in direct mail from the Company B. So as the respondent Company B will return the answer also in mail form which is they will send back to Company A Through this method its give lots of pros towards the company which is can save cost in order to prepared the questionnaire because through the direct mail its the company can save cost OBSERVATION The market research technique is not just only based on the survey method, this is because Observation also one of the method that can be used to collect the information on the level of satisfaction towards Pepsi product. Observation can be easily defined as the systematic process of recording the behavioral patterns of people, object and occurrences without questioning or otherwise communicating with them. Observations can be divide into two types which is having as human observation and mechanical observation. As a Marketing Research officer for Pepsi Co we were use both types of observation to know what behavior of people or society towards the Pepsi Product. Observation as a methodical process of recording the behavioral patterns of people, objects and event without questioning or else communicating with them. Observation can be divides into two types which are as the chart show above two types of observation is Human observation and Mechanical observation which is can be implementing by Pepsi Co in order to observe their customers. Human Observation Human observation can be defined as self explanatory, using human observers to collect data in the study. We can do the observation by human observation. It means that we use human as the observers which is we can just look and interpret what they do, what feeling are they, or else from their body languages. We can know what their feel now such as happy, enjoy, bored and so forth towards the product of Pepsi. Other than that through the human observation the best technique that can be implement by the Pepsi Co to evaluate their customer feelings is through facial reaction of the customer which is can be in their smiles, raised eyebrows an head nods as well. As a result we can automatically analyze how the customer sense towards the product of the Pepsi. Besides that Pepsi Co also can used the direct observation in order to observe the customer of their product. Which is they can straightly observe the customer behavior towards the Pepsi product Mechanical Observation Mechanical observation involves using various types of machines in order to gather the information, data, which is then interpreted by researchers. On a daily basis we are already know that with the continuing improvements in technology, there are lots of mechanical ways that can be used in order to capturing data in observation studies however, these new gadgets tend to be extremely expensive. The most commonly used and least expensive means of mechanically gathering data in an observation study is a video camera. A video camera offers a much more precise means of collecting data than what can simply be recorded by a human observer. Based on the case study we know that in order to observe the customer we can implement the other ways which is like Mechanical Observation as a Marketing Research Officer we try to look forward on the ways of implementing the mechanical observation this is because they will make our work become more easily with the observation for employees or customers of the Pepsi Co. Otherwise Pepsi Co can used the CCTV which is to get the information without knowing by other people. Example that can be stated at here is like Pepsi Company in order to observe their employees in all departments like marketing department, chemical department which is this entire department were play and important role while producing and made the product Pepsi. Consequently we can see the action that shows by them is humble, lazy, and friendly and so forth. Indirectly, Pepsi Co can manage or take an action towards the employee which is not performing effective and efficient towards their work. Other than that we also can used the Video in order to observe the behavioral of the customer while the purchase the Pepsi product and we can see how they felt either satisfy or not which the number of purchase. Conclusion While based on my point of view the conclusion that can be made at here is survey is a type of research which is comparatively costly, because it requires a staff of interviewers, but it provides the best opportunity to obtain information through probing for clearer explanations. Consequently, we can know what people in KLCC feel about the Pepsi product. This is because the respondent can tell us what they feel. Ultimately, we can know either they satisfy or not about the performance of the Pepsi product or not. Besides that the personal style (tone of voice, rewording of a question) and biases of each interviewer can affect how the participants respond and how the responses are recorded. As a result, we can get information from our recorded such as from video recorded. While from mechanical observation, we must spend more time to get the information. At the same times, we cannot observe the feeling of people in this campus because we cannot ask then but just take their photo or vide o. On the whole, for us, survey is the best technique to use early on in the research process when the researcher is not yet sure which questions need to be asked, because new and better questions can come out of the dialogue. SWOT ANANLYSIS Introduction According to Businessdictionary.com (2009), secondary data is an existing primary data that was collected by someone else or for a purpose other that the current one. It depending on whether the data come from inside and outside the organization needing to research. In secondary data, it divided into two parts of sources such as internal and external secondary data. Internal secondary data are data that have been collected and exits inside the business firm or other organization. External secondary data is data from outside that firm. According to Business Dictionary.com (2009) SWOT is a tool that identifies the strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats of an organization. Specifically, SWOT is a basic, straightforward model that assesses what an organization can and cannot do as well as its potential opportunities and threats. The method of SWOT analysis is to take the information from an environmental analysis and separate in into internal such as strengths and weaknesses and external issues such as opportunities and threats. Once this is completed, SWOT analysis determines what may assist the firm in accomplishing its objectives, and what obstacles must be overcome or minimized to achieve desire result. Based on case study, to be comes a strong business strategy, Pepsi Co can used SWOT analysis that helped it become stronger competitor in other way Pepsi Co must identify which is their strength, weakness, opportunity and threat? SWOT Analysis of PEPSI Co The Pepsi Company is a leading manufacture, distributor and marketer of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups, in the world. Pepsi has a strong brand name and brand portfolio. Business-week and Interbrain, a branding consultancy, recognize Pepsi as one the leading brand in their top 100 global brand ranking in 2006. The business week-interbrain value Pepsi $67,000 million in 2006. Pepsi ranks well ahead of its close competitor Coco-Cola which has a ranking of 22 having brand value $12,690 million the companys strong brand value facilitates customer recall and allows Pepsi to penetrate markets. On the other hand, the company is threatened by intense competition which could have an adverse impact on the company market share. Strengths Strong brands allow the company to introduce brand extension such as Pepsi max, Pepsi Cola, Pepsi Twist, Pepsi Diet, Pepsi Light over the year; the company has made large investments in brand promotion. Consequently, Pepsi is one of the best recognized global brands. The companys strong brand value facilitates customer recall and allows Pepsi to penetrate new market and consolidate existing ones. Pepsi has been a complex part of world culture for a very long time and they take a good qualities control of their product by take important on qualities processes n also procedures to maintain their customer satisfaction. They have a unique product image and the products image is loaded with over-romanticizing and this is an image many people have taken deeply to heart. The Pepsi image is displayed on T-shirts, hats and collectible memorabilia and many more. This extremely recognizable branding is one of Pepsis greatest strengths. It allows them to conduct business on a global scale while at the same time maintain a local approach. The bottling companies are locally owned and operated by independent business people who are authorized to sell product of the Pepsi Company. Because Cola does not have outright ownership of its bottling network, its main source of revenue is the sale of concentrate to its bottlers. Weaknesses Weaknesses for any business need to be both minimized and monitored in order to effectively achieve productive and efficiency in their business activities, Pepsi have no exception. Even though domestic business as well as many international market are thriving volumes in Latin America were up 12%, Pepsi has recently reported some decliners in unit case volumes in Indonesia and Thailand due to reduce consumer purchasing power. According to an article in Fortune magazine, in Japan, unit case sales fell 3% in the second quarter of 1998. Consequently we can determine the Pepsi Weakness which is can be improve and can be make sure that in future they will never happened again. Besides that, Pepsi on the other side has effects on the teeth which is an issue for health care. It also has got sugar by which continuous drinking of Pepsi may cause health problem. Being addicted to Pepsi also is a health problem, because drinking of Pepsi daily has an effect on your body after few years. Because its contain chemicals which could cause cancer, damage the nervous and reproductive system and reduce bone mineral density. Such negative publicity could adversely impact the companys brand image and the demand for Pepsi product. This could also have an adverse impact on the companys growth prospects in the international market Negative publicity The company received negative publicity during September 2006.The Company was accused by the Center for Science and Environment (CSE) of selling products containing pesticide residues that contained a hazardous pesticide residue. These pesticides included chemicals which could cause cancers, damage the nervous and reproductive systems and reduce bone mineral density. Such negative publicity could adversely impact the companys brand image and the demand for Pepsi products. This could also have an adverse impact on the companys growth prospects in the international markets. Opportunities Brand recognition is the significant factor affecting Pepsis competitive position. Pepsis brand name is known well throughout 94% of the world today. Its mean that the primary concern over the past few years has been to get this name brand to be even better known. Packaging changes have also affected sale and industry positioning, but in general, the public has tended not to be affected by new products. Pepsi bottling system also allows the company to take advantage of infinite growth opportunities around the world. This strategy gives Pepsi the opportunity to service a large geographic, diverse area. Pepsi is such an experienced powerful global company, which has a basic of a great fund. So it has the ability to place an idle sum of money to the promotion. We can see that the advertisement of Pepsi-Cola is so attractive. It also invited the top famous people to advertise for it. The advertisement is so elaborate and attractive so that Pepsi gained the special prize of the advertisement Granny. Threats Currently the threat of new viable competitors in the carbonated soft drink industry is not very substantial. The threat of substitutes however is a very real threat. The soft drink industry is very strong, but consumers are not necessarily married to it. Possible substitutes that continuously put pressure on both Pepsi and Coke include tea, coffee, juices, milk, and hot chocolate, even thought Coco-Cola and Pepsi control nearly 40% of the entire beverage market, the changing health-consciousness of the market could have a serious affect. Of course, both Coke and Pepsi have already diversified into these markets, allowing them to have further significant market shares and offset any losses incurred due to fluctuations in the market. Consumer buying power also represents a key threat in the industry. The rivalry between Pepsi and Coke has produce a very slow moving industry in which management must continuously respond to the changing attitudes and demands of their consumer or face losing market share to the competition. In addition, consumer can easily switch to other beverages with little cost or consequence. Intense competition Pepsi competes in the nonalcoholic beverages segmen

Illegal Use of Performance Enhancing Drugs in the Olympics Essay

Illegal Use of Performance Enhancing Drugs in the Olympics Since the original Olympic Games in ancient Greece, athletes have struggled to find a way to gain the competitive edge. Early rituals included consuming wine and brandy before an event, eating potent mushrooms, and even concocting magic potions thought to give the athlete improved performance ability (Phillips, 2000, p.53). A constant battle has been fought as the International Olympic Committee struggles to keep drug testing up-to-date and effective. We have come to associate drug use with a few famous names of fallen heroes, such as Ben Johnson and the most recent, C.J. Hunter, but few people realize just how widespread drug use is in Olympic sports and how small a percentage of offenders ever get caught. This presents the International Olympic Committee with one of its greatest challenges: trying to keep its drug testing procedures at a par with the technology of today’s pharmacists. Should the International Olympic Committee just face the facts and realize that athletes wi ll continue to try and use performance-enhancing drugs, and hence turn their backs and act as though nothing is happening? I feel as though they should become more stern toward athletes that are caught, and let the world know that they are going to do whatever they can to catch those who use these drugs. Certain sports quickly come to mind when we think of performance-enhancing drug use. We think of bodybuilders and weightlifters when drug use is mentioned. But not many would list track and field as a sport in which performance enhancing drug use is prominent. "What seems clear, however, is that the use of performance enhancing drugs is a problem mainly for the athletes of track, field and swi... ...ive. Sources Alesia, M. (2000). Performance enhancing? In some events, even drugs can’t trump skill. CBS Sportsline. Retrieved March 15, 2001 http://www.sportsline.com/u/ce/multi/0,1329,2773853_15,00.html Begley, S., & Gordon, D. (2000). Under the shadow of drugs.Newsweek, 136(15), 56. Kowalski, K.M. (1999). Steer clear of steroid abuse. Current Health 2, 25(7), 13-16. Looney, D.S. (2000). No easy answers ahead on Olympics doping. Christian Science Monitor, 92(221), 12. Mishra, R. (1995). Steroids and sports are a losing combination. US Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved March 14, 2001 http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/CONSUMER/CON00107.html Phillips, A. (2000). The Olympic drug cloud. Maclean’s, 113(41), 52-54. Superhuman heroes. (1998). Economist, 347(8071), 10-13. Toward dope-free games. (2000). Christian Science Monitor, 92(202), 8. Â   Â  

Eating Behaviour In Schools Education Essay

Unhealthy eating behaviour can do obesity disease. This disease can happen both in kids and grownup. Fleshiness in kids or childhood fleshiness is an energy instability between Calories consumed and Calories expended. Unhealthy life style during childhood can be causes disablement in maturity and diabetes. The prevalence of fleshy kids around the universe has increased dramatically in recent old ages. In 2010 the figure of fleshy kids under the age of five, is estimated to be over 42 million. Close to 35 million of these are populating in developing states ( WHO, 2011 ) . WHO recognizes that the increasing prevalence of childhood fleshiness consequences from alterations in society. Childhood fleshiness is chiefly associated with unhealthy eating and low degrees of physical activity. Children and game is ever something together. Educational games â€Å" are games designed with specific course of study aims in head † ( Royle, 2008 ) frequently games that have been used in instruction have been developed to back up the pattern of factual information. Educational game might be the most suited game for the pre-school kids which bring cognition to the kids. Computer-based instruction games are the combination of instruction and amusement and copy the real-life environment. Game based acquisition ( GBL ) is remains one of the most effectual instruction schemes to advance acquisition. Among all application package, computing machine games are holding a shorter larning curve. If used efficaciously in a coherent and relevant manner, GBL can back up both the option of more pick for how the scholar can larn every bit good as offering the potency for personalising the acquisition experience ( Sugimoto, 2007 ) .PROBLEM STATEMENTOverweight and fleshiness is an emerging job among kids worldwide. In Thailand, the prevalence of fleshiness in 5-to-12 twelvemonth olds kids rose from12.2 % to 15.6 % in merely two old ages ( Rerkuppaphol, 2010 ) . To forestall childhood fleshiness is non really hard. The kids must devour healthy nutrient, particularly the pre-school kids in the age 3-7 old ages old they may non cognize what they should eat or should non because of their unequal ability has limited and deficiency of experience ( Zhang, 2009 ) .RESEARCH QUESTIONThis survey aims to reply the undermentioned inquiries: Do kids larn about healthy nutrient and nutrition? Is kids has ability to retrieve the healthy nutrient after playing game-based acquisition courseware?RESEARCH OBJECTIVEThe chief aim is to develop an synergistic game based larning courseware about healthy feeding. To accomplish this aim, the following sub-objectives have been identified: To supply cognition about nutrient foods to kids. To measure learning ability of kids after playing healthy eating game-based courseware.ScopeThis GBL merchandise is developing for pre-school kids in kindergarten, Thailand. The name of courseware is Happy Healthy Meal. It is about learning kids what healthy nutrients are. Before kids start the game, they will larn nutrition of each nutrient. Each nutrient will stand for nutrition to assist pupil easier to understand. There are 2 chief bill of fare for this courseware. First bill of fare is the presenting nutrient that will be used in the game. It will learn kids larn about healthy nutrient and nutrition. It will demo the image and nutrition of each nutrient in text. After finish all the nutrient debut, it will endorse to the chief bill of fare. Second is the game bill of fare where the kids will get down to play game here. It will supply direction how to play before kids start to play. This merchandise usage nutrient as a chief object. In this game, healthy nutrient and unhealthy nutrient will drop from the top. The kids need to snap on healthy nutrient merely before it gone. There is a male child as chief character. If the kids click on unhealthy nutrient, the character will be acquiring fat till game is over. But if the kids on the healthy nutrient, the character will be healthier like ruddy cheek, smiling, leaping. The position of character can promote kids larning actively. ( Zhang, 2009 ) This merchandise is deliverable in Cadmium and will be presenting in Thai linguistic communication.LITERATURE REVIEW6.1 Game-based acquisitionIn this literature will demo how GBL can pull kids. Rieber ( 2005 ) indicates â€Å" larning is believed to be achieved through active battle in which the instructor provides support, resources and encouragement † . Normally, pupils show their battle in playing complex computing machine games much more than they show in their school work. Prensky ( 2005 ) said that in order to do acquisition occur, pedagogues must first motivate and prosecute pupil in their acquisition activities. For battle to happen, pedagogue must make an environment that encourages student-teacher contact, cooperation among pupils and active participants between. Sing the difference in battle, the factor between media and GBL environments is the integrating of the game features. Hence, the intent of this GBL is besides to look into if a game is a better attack for actuating the involvement acquisition than other multimedia map entirely. Computer games provide a good environment for larning. The theories of larning are behavioural larning theory, cognitive acquisition theory and motive theory ( Sugimoto, 2007 ) .6.2 Educational game designCordova et Al. ( 1996 ) have shown that enhanced larning which is merriment can be more effectual. Using some simple educational undertakings, they demonstrated that larning embedded in a motivation puting improved learning results and that battle can ease acquisition. Learning occurs when the scholar is mentally involved and actively interacts within the game, where a balance of challenge and possible classs of action is provided. Harmonizing to Alessi & A ; Trollip ( 1991 ) educational game can be divided into three chief parts such as the debut, the organic structure of the game and the decision. Figure 6.1 show these parts. games.tiff Figure 6.1: The general construction and flow of the gamesGame in Health attentionGame for wellness attention is the games that move beyond the educational stage to the longer-term support of kids with chronic status. Games can utilize to actuate the kids by â€Å" reenforcing healthy picks, reminding of intervention particulars, deflecting their attending, and keeping more complete wellness position and intervention record † ( Watters et al. , 2006 ) . Pollak et Al. ( 2010 ) had developed a game â€Å" Time To Eat † a nomadic phone based intended to better adolescent eating behaviour. They designed the game like virtual-pet attention. The game focuses on pet attention as portion of a kid ‘s day-to-day modus operandi, which fits good with behavior alteration theoretical accounts in which repeated support. Watter et al. , ( 2006 ) has developed the long term intervention game. The participant will hold ain pet that kept in the back pack. If the participant neglects to take attention of the pet at appropriate times during the twenty-four hours the pet begins to look ailment. The nutrient pick is presented during the drama of this game to feed the favored become wellness.MethodologyMethodology describes the stages involved in developing the games based acquisition. There are more than 100 different ISD theoretical accounts, but about all are based on the generic â€Å" ADDIE † theoretical account, which stands for Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation, as illustrated in the Figure below. Each measure has an result that feeds the subsequent measure. Figure7.1 shows the ADDIE procedure. addieModel Figure 7.1: ADDIE Model7.1 AnalysisThe Analysis stage is the most of import stage in the ADDIE theoretical account. It identifies countries pre-school kids necessitating to larn about this merchandise, restraints exists, when this undertaking will be completed and what will pre-school kids make to find their competence. Developer will analyze the ends and aim of the presentation and the nature of participants to seek to find the rightness of the instructional design.7.2 DesignThe Design stage is concerned with capable affair analysis, game planning and media choice. It besides involves planing elaborate storyboards to ease the media development and content integrating. The user interface is an of import constituent and is the chief nexus between the pre-school kids and the acquisition courseware. In this stage, all the consequences from the analysis stage to make a design for direction.DevelopmentIn this stage, all sound, image, and nutrition content are collected, prepared, created and ready to be tested. Adobe Flash CS3 will utilize to make life and do the game expression synergistic. Sound Forge will utilize as audio tools. The content development squad develops instructional media based on the results of the design stage.ExecutionThe execution stage consists the testing of the undertaking with the pre-school kids. The kids will utilize Graphical User Interface ( GUI ) to take portion in developing direction. As we know, new merchandise normally represents a going from the manner concern is presently done.EvaluationEvaluation stage the kids and the instructional system are investigate to make up one's mind whether alterations are necessary or non. This stage include kids and instructor provide feedback on the effectivity of the games.Undertaking SIGNIFICANTUsing GBL can give large impact because these games differ from another game in the market. Furthermore, this is a manner to make something that is impressive plenty for people to stand up and take notice of GBL merchandise. Teaching utilizing GBL technique can assist teacher particularly to pull kids because this GBL merchandise was apply multimedia component by utilizing 2 Dimension ( 2D ) and sound. This courseware might promote the instructors and parents to improvize their ICT accomplishments and hands-on acquisition as a learning tool.

The Colossus at Rhodes

The Colossus at Rhodes Located on the island of Rhodes (off the coast of modern Turkey), the Colossus at Rhodes was a giant statue, about 110 feet tall, of the Greek sun-god Helios. Although finished in 282 BCE, this Wonder of the Ancient World only stood for 56 years, when it was toppled by an earthquake. Huge chunks of the former statue stayed on the beaches of Rhodes for 900 years, drawing people around the world to marvel at how man could create something so enormous. Why Was the Colossus of Rhodes Built? The city of Rhodes, located on the island of Rhodes, had been under siege for a year. Caught up in the heated and bloody battle between the three successors of Alexander the Great (Ptolemy, Seleucus, and Antigonus), Rhodes was attacked by Antigonus’ son, Demetrius, for supporting Ptolemy. Demetrius tried everything to get inside the high-walled city of Rhodes. He brought 40,000 troops (more than the entire population of Rhodes), catapults, and pirates. He also brought a special corps of engineers that could make siege weapons specially geared to break into this particular city. The most spectacular thing these engineers built was a 150-foot tower, mounted on iron wheels, that hosted a powerful catapult. To protect its gunners, leather shutters were installed. To protect it from fireballs hurled from the city, each of its nine stories had its own water tank. It took 3,400 of Demetrius’ soldiers to push this mighty weapon into place. The citizens of Rhodes, however, flooded the area around their city, causing the mighty tower to wallow in mud. The people of Rhodes had fought back valiantly. When reinforcements came from Ptolemy in Egypt, Demetrius left the area in a hurry. In such a hurry, that Demetrius left nearly all of this weapons behind. To celebrate their victory, the people of Rhodes decided to build a giant statue in honor of their patron god, Helios. How Did They Build Such a Colossal Statue? Funding is usually a problem for such a large project as the people of Rhodes had in mind; however, that was easily solved by using the weapons that Demetrius had left behind. The people of Rhodes melted down many of the leftover weapons to get bronze, sold other siege weapons for money, and then used the super siege weapon as the scaffolding for the project. Rhodian sculptor Chares of Lindos, the pupil of Alexander the Great’s sculptor Lysippus, was chosen to create this huge statue. Unfortunately, Chares of Lindos died before the sculpture could be completed. Some say he committed suicide, but that is probably a fable. Exactly how Chares of Lindos constructed such a gigantic statue is still up for debate. Some have said that he built a huge, earthen ramp that got bigger as the statue got taller. Modern architects, however, have dismissed this idea as unpractical. We do know that it took 12 years to build the Colossus of Rhodes, likely from 294 to 282 BCE, and cost 300 talents (at least $5 million in modern money). We also know that the statue had an exterior that consisted of an iron framework covered with bronze plates. Inside were two or three columns of stone that were the main supports for the structure. Iron rods connected the stone columns with the exterior iron framework. What Did the Colossus of Rhodes Look Like? The statue was to stand about 110 feet high, on top of a 50-foot stone pedestal (the modern Statue of Liberty is 111 feet high from heel to head). Exactly where the Colossus of Rhodes was built is still not certain, although many believe it was near the Mandraki Harbor. No one knows exactly what the statue looked like. We know that it was a man and that one of his arms was held aloft. He was likely naked, perhaps holding or wearing a cloth, and wearing a crown of rays (as Helios is often portrayed). Some have guessed that Helios’ arm was holding a torch. For four centuries, people have believed that the Colossus of Rhodes was posed with his legs spread apart, one on each side of the harbor. This image stems from a 16th century engraving by Maerten van Heemskerck, which depicts the Colossus in this pose, with ships passing under him. For many reasons, this is very likely not how the Colossus was posed. For one, legs open wide is not a very dignified stance for a god. And another is that to create that pose, the very important harbor would have had to have been closed for years. Thus, it is much more likely that the Colossus was posed with legs together. The Collapse For 56 years, the Colossus of Rhodes was a wonder to see. But then, in 226 BCE, an earthquake struck Rhodes and toppled the statue. It is said that the Egyptian King Ptolemy III offered to pay for the Colossus to be rebuilt. However, the people of Rhodes, after consulting an oracle, decided to not rebuild. They believed that somehow the statue had offended the real Helios. For 900 years, huge pieces of the broken statue lay along the beaches of Rhodes. Interestingly, even these broken pieces were huge and worth seeing. People traveled far and wide to see the ruins of the Colossus. As one ancient writer, Pliny, described after seeing it in the 1st century CE, Even as it lies, it excites our wonder and admiration. Few people can clasp the thumb in their arms, and its fingers are larger than most statues. Where the limbs are broken asunder, vast caverns are seen yawning in the interior. Within it, too, are to be seen large masses of rock, by the weight of which the artist steadied it while erecting it.* In 654 CE, Rhodes was conquered, this time by Arabs. As spoils of war, the Arabs cut apart the remains of the Colossus and shipped the bronze to Syria to sell. It is said that it took 900 camels to carry all that bronze. * Robert Silverberg, The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World (New York: Macmillan Company, 1970) 99.